Power in Language and Culture free essay sample

Power is considered to be the anthem of success-whoever holds power holds ascendancy over the society. However, whomever has ascendency over that society has to have means of communicating to the inferior. The way rulers communicate to their inferiors is a key part of society, and dictates the syntax of the language. Therefore power reflects on the flexibility and structure of the language. In Mrs. Bradys class lectures describing The History of the English language she states that before Viking invasions the Pagan Anglo-Saxon language consisted mainly of religious, domestic and mundane words such as fork, mile, table, alter, mass and chool. In 1066 A. D Norman Vikings overtook the society and added new words such as scream, take and skull these words allowed for aggression in the culture. Along with the aggressive word change the Vikings also degraded Anglo-Saxon words creating synonyms that now have a more powerful meaning for example the Anglo- Saxon word wish and the Norman word want. We will write a custom essay sample on Power in Language and Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Customarily the Vikings were very hostile and aggressive people and their contributions to the English language reflect their virulent ways. The Vikings were able to harness their power to create a lasting nfluence on the language and culture of the inferior societies they overtook. Modern English is currently the connecting language used world-wide to communicate. It is described as dominate for many reasons in The Mother Tongue. A specific example given by Bill Bryson is a ited factor in setting English apart from other languages is flexibility. In the United States, Americans give respect where it is needed; there is no hierarchy where respect or a certain dialect is required to talk to another person. The fact that American culture is not based around power allows the language to have versatility. The government is people-based; the power granted to Americans through the constitution allows for variety and freedom of speech. For example female rights activists are able to speak o ut against misogynist beliefs. Though the power structure in America is composed of mostly men, women are unaffected by it, and are still able to speak out against the gender that makes up the majority of the government. American feminism is a prime example of how the power structure can have no effect on the language due to its basis on freedom and equality. In Outliers, chapter seven The Ethnic Theory of Plane Crashes, Malcom Gladwell describes the errible crash of Korean Airlines Flight 801 in 1997 caused by lack of communication through pilots. Unlike our American government Korea has different expectations for their language. It demands that members of higher rank be addressed properly. Not allowing for casual non-specific terms such as you. Koreans are obliged to be deferential toward their elders and superiors in a way that would be unnecessary in the U. S. Koreans must show respect for the people that hold power therefore speaking monotone causing serious situations to sound less urgent then they actually are. Another example of powers influence on language and culture is the example of Chris Langan vs. Robert Oppenheimer: Here we have two very brilliant young students, each of whom runs into a problem that imperils his college career. Langans mother has missed a deadline for his financial aid. Oppenheimer has tried to poison his tutor. To continue on, they are required to lead their cases to authority. sent to a psychiatrists. Oppenheimer and Langan might both be geniuses, but in other ways, they could not be more different (98). Oppenheimer grew up amongst a surplus of power, and so it affected the way that he spoke. He knew how to speak so hat he could get the most effect out of his words, and thus the power worked as an advantage to him and the way he uses language. Langan, in contrast, grew up extremely impoverished. He only had one set of clothes, his mother knew nothing about the way the world worked outside of their small town in Montana, and his step- father was an alcoholic and abuser. There was no positive form of power surrounding him, and thus his language skills were insufficient when he tried to convince his superiors to renew his scholarship. In social class structures there is power that either works to the advantage or disadvantage of the language. In George Orwells dystopian fiction novel 1984 the totalitarian government formats a society in which all members of the party are brain washed. In the appendix of the book Orwell discusses the importance the language, Newspeak, plays on the society. Euphony outweighed every consideration other than exactitude of meaning, (pg308) The language created by Ingsoc, called Newspeak, was used against the population in order to keep power. Newspeak was made up of doublethink words such as blackwhite and goodthink this made it impossible for the society to bond and connect with one another due to lack of cadence and meaning. Using language as a tool to control the culture rid society of their independence to think freely, ultimately turning them into mindless slaves of the government. A real-world example of a totalitarian societies control over language is Hitlers Nazi Germany. The Nazi regime aspired to inflict the same control over the people as Ingsoc did. In Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler states: The chief function of propaganda is to convince the masses, who slowness of understanding needs to be given time in order that they may absorb information; and only constant repetition will finally succeed in imprinting an idea on heir mind .. the slogan must of course be illustrated in many ways and from several angles, but in the end one must always return to the assertion of the same formula. The one will be rewarded by the surprising and almost incredible results that such a personal policy secures. Culturally, the Nazi regime was anti-modern. Censorship and propaganda ensured that Germans could only see what the Nazi hierarchy wanted people to see, hear what they wanted them to hear and read only what the Nazis deemed acceptable. Ultimately giving the Nazis full control over the mindset of their people. Forcing them to perceive that what they were doing was correct and thus socially acceptable. Moreover, whoever holds ascendancy over a culture has the ability to modify and manipulate the language however they want. Language can be used as a tool to gain power, or the people in power can use it as a tool to keep power. It can also be an effect rather than a cause; the way that power is exercised can have an indirect effect on the language. Whether direct or indirect, power has a lasting and critical impact on the language of any culture where a power structure is present.

General Electric Appliances

General Electric Appliances The supply chain Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on General Electric Appliances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Special skills required of salesperson A salesperson selling GE Appliances must have knowledge about the different products offered by the company. There is a different variety of GE products. A salesperson must have skills in selling electrical appliances, because most of the products of the company are of this nature. A salesperson of GE Appliances requires having the skills of selling products in different countries because the company operates in many countries globally. In addition, a salesperson of the products should have the skills of working with corporate and individual customers. The company works with corporate and individual customers. Compensating salespeople General Electric provides basic salary plus commission to sales people. The salespersons are compensated with salaries and they are paid commission for all products sold. The company provides different wages to different employees at different levels. On average, senior employees of the company earn $80,000 annually (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel. P. 552). The prospective buyers of GE appliances The prospective buyers of this company are retail companies. For example, Sears, Wal-Mart and other retail companies dealing in electrical appliances. Salespeople of GE Appliances should contact the purchasing departments of the business customers. For instance, at Sears, the GE salespeople should contact the purchasing manager. In addition, the salesperson should contact the CEO of Sears so as to get permission to deliver goods to that company. The average sales cycle time for the product The average sales cycle time for GE appliances depends on the location of a customer. It takes less than 9 days to complete a transaction in the US. In other countries, there are sales representatives of the company, who link all customers to the company. The contacts that are necessary should be made to the sales and marketing department to complete any sales deal. The sales manager instructs the processing of orders; products are packed and delivered. The purchasing department from the customer’s side then receives the products after delivery. There is a need for multiple meetings with the buyer over the course of sales cycle to ensure that the goods are delivered (Geasset Manager, p. 1).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The customer profile for GE Appliances GE Company deals with corporate customers. Therefore, the customer profile for GE appliances is b2b. B2b is a system where a company deals directly with another company. There is no direct relationship between companies using b2b system with the end consumers (Rushton, p. 517). Important information to a buyer considering making a purchase for the first time A buyer considering making a purchase for GE appliances for the first time will require information about the quality of the products, the price, and the distribution centres. The buyer will also require knowing about the brand loyalty and the good image of the products of the company in the market. Since the company sells to retailers, the salesperson will require assuring the buyer that the products have a high demand in the global markets. Objections A salesperson might experience objections about the unwillingness of the end consumers to buy products from company. Buyers of GE appliances may object about the prices of products in comparison to other products in the market. Criteria of dividing the sales territories A sales manager of GE appliances should divide up the sales territories according to the company size. The customers of the company are companies, and sales managers should categorize the companies according to size. This allows the sales manager to id entify large companies, medium-size companies and small companies. Major competitors Major Competitors in the industry are: Citigroup, Inc., Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV., and Siemens AG. The GE brand has a high level of customer loyalty. The company has a good image, and the products of the company are readily accepted by customers globally. This places the brand of the company at a high position in the market. Geasset Manager. GE Advantage, 2012. Web. Lamb, Charles W, Joseph F. Hair, and Carl D. McDaniel. Marketing. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western, 2008. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on General Electric Appliances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rushton, Alan. The Handbook of Logistics and Distribution Management. London: Kogan Page, 2010. Print.

Export marketing (US market) opportunity for UK based energy drink Assignment

Export marketing (US market) opportunity for UK based energy drink - Assignment Example This has resulted in the evolution of a new pattern of consumer behaviour from consumers of various new and emerging economies. It needs to be mentioned that in order to meet the growing amount of diverse needs of the customers, the setting up of global trade processes is very essential. It is of utmost importance that global trade is highly necessary as it helps in satisfying the needs of the customer while generating strategic benefits for the firms (Seyoum, 2000, p. 7) Discussing in details about the requirements of this project, it has to be brought into notice that the current focus is to develop an intensive evaluation for the opportunity related to exporting for a particular product. For this assignment, the product that is being selected is the UK based product Lucozade. While introducing the product Lucozade, it has to be mentioned that it is an energy drink, which promises to meet the varying calorie requirements of athletes, sports professional as well as fitness conscious individuals. The project focuses on identifying the opportunity related to attaining business growth by entering a new overseas market like the United States. So, the main motive of the project is to identify the export opportunity of Lucozade from the UK to the US. Justifying the choice of country It is important to mention that while selecting a market for exporting of products, the focus is on identifying the various prospects associated with it (Zou & et.al, 2009, p. 32). In the times of increased economic uncertainty as well as various other macroeconomic challenges in various corners of the world, it is highly interesting to mention that the market demand for energy drink products is growing various developed as well as developing markets. As of the recent times, the energy drinks is considered as a growing sub category of soft drinks in various global markets because of the increased focus of masses around the world to lead a healthy and fit life. It has been estimated that the global health drinks market is estimated to attain a growth rate of around 35% by the year 2016 (Russell, 2012). As per market based region specific forecasts, it has also been found that the markets of Asia, North America and West Europe are expected to grow the most (Business Wire, 2013). As per an OECD sponsored report dated in the year 2012, it has been found that the United States leads the world in regards to mass obesity (Obesity Update 2012, 2012, p. 2). Source: Obesity Update 2012, 2012, p. 2 It also has to be said that in the United States, the obesity has grown in the range of 4 to 5% on an annual basis (Huffington Post, 2012). Source: Chou & Kane, 2012 Data backed statistics also indicate that around 68% of the US population are possibly overweight or obese (Chou & Kane, 2012). However, it is of increased importance to highlight the fact that due to an increase in obesity numbers, there has been a growing consciousness amongst the masses around the world to stay fit and in shape (Johnson, 2012). Talking on this note, the fact of increased consciousness in regards to obesity in the US market also has to be taken into consideration. Records of previous sales reveal that the sales of the energy drinks are

From the decade of 1990s Nike Inc is facing criticisms from different Essay

From the decade of 1990s Nike Inc is facing criticisms from different human rights organizations and government bodies - Essay Example Nike management is using the sweatshops for manufacturing of the products where the labor law is violated. The manufacturing units of Nike are mainly in the Asian countries like China, Vietnam, Indonesia etc where they can get labor in a relatively lower cost, also they are getting free trade zones there. The minimum wages law is violated there as well as the working conditions are poor there. Some media have also proved that the working conditions are not standard in Nike factories. Also there were claims that Nike is using child labors. Nike is using forced labor as reported by different media. Recently in July, 2011 an article claimed that Nike the employees of Nike factory abused by the supervisors constantly. So the main problem is that Nike management has failed to ensure a standard human resource policy in the company. Problem Symptoms The problem symptoms are as follows: Certain reports are claiming that Nike is not sticking to a standard human resource policy from the 1990s. Some customers are avoiding Nike on morale ground as they are violating the labor law continuously. Problem Statement As in the manufacturing Factories Nike Inc is violated the labor laws, the human resource organizations and the government bodies are protesting this in different countries as well as some customer started to avoid the products in a morale ground. Part B The Problem Nike Inc, a major manufacturer of apparel and sports equipment is violating the labor laws in its manufacturing factories which are situated mainly in the Asian countries. As the labors are not treated well in the factories so the international media is continuously focusing on this matter. They have collected some proves which made clear the fact that Nike is violating the labor laws really. Several issues are against the company, because of which some consumers also avoid using the products of Nike on the moral ground. Fishbone Diagram Key Findings From the fishbone diagram it has been found that sever al factors are there and because of all these Nike was able to violate the labor laws from the 1990s. The main factor is the management. The human resource policy of the management is below standard, which causes the problem mainly. Moreover the long term strategy of the company is not good at all. If the company continues this type of labor policy then the company can’t make profit in the long term. The government of the respective countries is also responsible for this situation. Nike is continuing this practice from the 1990s, but the respective governments have not taken such hard step so that the company will think about the matter seriously. The government has made the trade free zones for the foreign companies, and it is attractable for the companies as they can do business in low cost. They can also get low cost

Letters of Recommendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letters of Recommendation - Essay Example His valuable contributions with the past employers speak about his personality and attitude towards work. He has proven ability in motivating and interacting effectively with all levels of staff and management. I have noted him as a person having strong business acumen along with high level of moral and ethical standards. I felt Mr. has diverse skill sets such as mutual respect, good communication, cooperation, coordination, share responsibility required to become successful manager as well as to create a good team. He has an excellent understanding of audit review procedures, financial analysis, financial reconciliations, maintenance and control of general ledger that are specific to the profession. I sense that his technical expertise along with the leadership attitude will grant him all the desired success. Yours graduate business program would give him the golden opportunity to explore and unfold the art and craft of business profession. I have observed him setting himself reachable goals by generating new ideas, new strategies, gaining more experience, improving his skills and working on the weaknesses. Perhaps his strongest abilities are the way he manages the projects, the people and the situations. He would be a strong addition to your Business School. He has always been attracted towards scope and difficulty of tasks, decision-making competencies, room for independent action, job variability, ownership, work conditions and environment. I believe that this unique blend of experiences has made him a man with an original point of view. This blend has given him a broader perspective and a good understanding of life and a goal to aim for. He has consistently demonstrated the necessary skills in the past to handle the intense academic work required in your MBA program. I believe that being a part of your department would not only enhance his career opportunities, but also help him realize his

Understanding The Key Characteristics Of A Profession

Understanding The Key Characteristics Of A Profession A profession means a group of people that are specialised in a particular occupation. For example, an individual that is a doctor can be specialised in children, therefore their occupation would be called paediatricians. Profession consists of professionals that have the same interest, skills based on theoretical knowledge. Therefore it is important that professionals should have extensive period of education to influence the competency of their profession. Hodson and Sullivan (2005, p. 258) implies that profession is a high status and knowledge-based occupation that is characterised by the Hallmarks of a profession. The hallmarks of profession suggest profession is split into 4 main components that are based on abstract, specialized knowledge, autonomy, Authority over subordinate occupational groups and a certain degree of altruism. Specialized knowledge consists of theoretical, practical and techniques. The theoretical knowledge would focus on theoretical guidelines as to what is expected by professionals. In relations to social work, theoretical knowledge is a crucial element to their profession as putting theory into practice; it helps socials workers develop to think critically and analytically. Oke (2008) suggest that one way of linking theory into practice is known as issue-based approach to learning (IBL). IBL encourages meaningful learning as for example, processing information from a source can help encourages a reflexive process of thinking as it explore further on about ideas and speculate in ways you can put the theories into practice. By means of social workers applying the IBL effectively, it would enhance social workers to work proactively as they would be capable of empowering strategies support the needs and wishes of the service users. The competence of knowledge is a key to profession as Payne (2005 p. 185) suggests professionalism, associated with increasing organisation alongside increasing knowledge and power. Therefore, this may link to entry of qualification, the higher the qualification the more competent on their understanding of putting theories into practice. Learning new information constantly develops the self-knowledge and enables to go in-depth of understanding. Harris (2003 pp.133-4) argued that social work training helps social workers become a competent and accountable professionals. This may be a combination of educational institution and social work agencies. The Central Council for Education and Training in Social work (CCETSW) supported the training scheme financially through the central government. Before the mid-1980s when the CCETSW introduced the certificate in Social Services (CSS), the tendency was students that obtained the CSS were more likely to become social workers. Higham (2006, p. 16) argued that this meant people that worked within social care didnt fit in with the framework with social workers in the 1970s. This is because obtaining the qualification became demanding between social work and social care, therefore the CCETSW was worried if there was suitable amount of training resources available for social care staff that was desired to become a qualified social worker. Corresponding to Horner (2009 p.94 -5), he signifi ed that since the emergence of the Diploma in Social Work (DipSW) in 1989 there has been an increase of social workers. This could relate to the discontinued of the CSS qualification in 1992 ended and the start of training courses including worked-based vocational qualification emerged such as National Vocational Qualification (NVQs). In 1992 the National Standards for Training and Development introduced the Worked-based vocational qualification which was made with a difference as there was no set curriculum, specified programmes or examination- it was assessment based. Before there were social care workers that were already employed but did not achieve a formal qualification as it was not regarded at that time. Higham (2006) argued that statistics shows in the year 2000 around 80% of the workforce didnt not obtain a qualification or had qualification that was not related to their occupation. This shows there was lack of competency within social care professions which may have compe lled issues associated with inadequacy of reporting and recording procedures, maintaining confidentiality, accuracy of information and taking into account of the current policies and procedures. The DipSW does not exist any longer; people that are training to become social workers would now need The Social Work degree course to become a qualified social worker. Primarily, the formalisation of training based on social work emerged from social care. Traditionally, society viewed social work and social care as a synonymous profession. Steadily social work had developed recognition in relation to their profession which had gained them distinctive characteristics than the social care profession. However, both professions overlap each other and form a relationship together to facilitate people with their quality of life. Autonomy is another part of a profession according to the four hallmarks. It is common that professionals have a tendency to control their own affairs based on their professional skills and knowledge. Social work values autonomy in terms of decision making. For example, social workers may demand autonomy in terms of building a relationship with the service users more than the heavy caseloads they may encounter as the inequitable caseloads can prevent social workers from tackling effectively the issues that may lead to risk upon service users. Roe (2006, p.15) report emphasises with social workers because he argues that they are constrained by line management arrangements that require escalation of decision making up a chain of command in order to manage budgets or risk. This argues that social workers are refrained from professional autonomy as the result of pressure of their line management; this suggest that line managements main priority in terms of decision making is to insure a ppropriate decision making takes place (taking into consideration manageable budgets and the prevention against risk towards service user). Others may argue that there is lack of professional autonomy within social work because of the restriction from the public and within the service demands. Social workers are perceived as authorised professionals that are entitled to autonomous decision making in order to meet the needs of service users; Harkness and Kadushin (2002, p 468) suggest that professional autonomy is about having responsibilities to themselves and the services they offer. Therefore, if there was a deficiency of autonomy within the social workers, this would strongly broad services and social workers would consequently feel greater pressure from the public and other agencies of delivering their full potential due to the boundaries of what they may encounter. An issue that may arise for a social worker is it acceptable to follow their instinct to protect and meet the need s of the service user, even though it may be unacceptable within the rules and regulations of the profession. Sustaining autonomy in a social work profession is imperative as it promotes social workers to actively engage with other multi- agency professionals which would boost their self-confidence and helped them reach their full potential. In relation to a degree of altruism, there are codes of ethics for professionals within any occupation that are put in place for professionals to seek guidance through competency, practice and acknowledging the complexity of situations. In other words, it is recognised as a systematic framework as to what is ethically acceptable. On the other hand, code of ethics within professionals offers guidance for every believable situation, which means it can be perceived as generic and not the use of specific rules. Despite the codes of ethics being generic, it plays a role for the social work provision. The British Association of Social Workers (BASW) introduced the codes of ethics for social work, values and principles that established the five main key principles such as human dignity and worth, social justice, service to humanity, integrity and competence; they were put in place to ensure that in relations to conflicts and disclosure is honest, fair and accurate. Also to make sure profess ionals are compliant with the legislations and regulations. Despite, codes of ethics can be misinterpreted or ignored by professionals; not only may the risk of disciplinary action, but this as a result put the service users at risk. However, it is important within the social work profession for social workers to make mature decision as well as understanding and taking into account the value of issues that social workers may face. It is crucial for professionals to adopt the knowledge and skills gained through experience and qualifications in order transfer the skills achieved to help promote new roles and approaches to meeting the needs of the service users. Within a profession there are codes of practice which is expected by employees to follow and put into practice; it usually consists of the outlines of behaviour. The significance of the codes of practice would ensure high standards of their job roles are being met. This would not only benefit the profession as a whole but also the employees, employers and the wider society. Comparison to the social work profession, they have a similar concept as a range of organisations had been put in place to ensure that it promotes high standards within the profession. To maintain the assurance, regulation within the service (including education and training) and matters of misconduct was a high priority according to the UK government. These organisations included The Social Care Institute for Excellence, 2000 (SCIE), The Commission for Social Care Inspection, 2004 (CSCI), The General Social Care Council, 2003 (GSCC) and Skills for Care this was known as the big four Horner (2009, p 118). Each of regulation has their own purpose to ensure high standards of care were priority. The SCIE main responsibility is to ensure that social care professionals are able to identify and widen knowledge about good practice such as guidance and developing professional standards. The CSCI main duty is ensure that inspection and monitoring services within the health and social care services were affirmative quality of protecting service users or patients from potential risk of the service users or patients needs. Moreover, The GSCC regulates social workers including social care professionals by situating them onto a register. The register ensures only professionals with the required qualification and adhered the occupational standards are genuine to working with service users especially the vulnerable. Furthermore, the Skills for Care regulate the training processes within the social sector. This may include developing qualifications and assessing the social sector training needs to ensure co mpetency within knowledge is constant throughout the training that is supplied to the social care and social work professionals. Overall, the regulatory frameworks may have different missions but they all form a relationship that supports and promotes quality standards to the staffs, services and training within the social care provision. Regulations are important within a profession to ensure professionals are fulfilling the roles satisfactory and sensitively according to the public interest. It is important that the Social work profession should be able to identify when the standards are to some extent failing, it should take instant action as it is their responsibility as a profession to take the leading role in professional governance. This will prevent drastic dilemmas which can damage the profession status. To conclude, to an extent social work can be said to be a professional as compare to a profession with a social work profession there are similarities. In relation to knowledge, the social work professionals would have some degree of theoretical knowledge. For example, according to Payne the power of professionalism involves the competence through knowledge. This may argue that social workers who obtained a social work degree would have higher qualification alongside increasing knowledge and authority as they more understanding of putting theoretical claims into practice. In relation to training profession require training to keep up to date with current skills, legislations and knowledge so that they can provide a better service to their clients. Social work profession has a history of different approaches to training and development to a point of needed a degree instead of a diploma to become a social worker. Professional autonomy within profession is about professionals dealing wi th their own affairs. Corresponding, social work is between decision-making and taking into consideration ethical views as to what is acceptable. To a degree of altruism professionals would seek guidance through competency, experiences and understanding complexity of dilemmas. This concept is the same factor for a social work profession as social workers would need to follow their code of practice coherently. To ensure that the profession is meeting the codes of practice, regulation is maintained through organisations including the SCIE, CSCI, GSCC and Skills for care. In general, social work can be recognised as a profession. Furthermore, throughout the years Social work profession reputation has been damage to extent as qualified social workers leaving the profession as they feel it is demanding profession.

Comparing Suffering in Crime and Punishment and One Day in the Life :: comparison compare contrast essays

Suffering in Crime and Punishment and One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Survival trough suffering is a general theme running through the novels. Different forms of survival occur because in different scenarios. In One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, the story takes place in a prison camp, whereas in Crime and Punishment takes place in society. During the course of the two novels, it becomes quite apparent to the reader that some characters have a reason that helps them drive forward through times of suffering. The types of suffering are differentiated for each character and so is their own individual way of tolerating the pain. For example, in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, the main character, Shukov, suffers due to the harshly cold conditions that he has to deal with in the prison camp. In Crime and Punishment, the main character, Raskolnikov, suffers from his guilt which he induces on himself when he realises that killing the old moneylender was wrong. Therefore, this essay is similar to an investigation into how the main characters of each novel manage to cope with each of their individual sufferings. In One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, the main character, Shukov, is coping with a tremendous amount pain. "But try and spend eight years in a ' special'- doing hard labour. No-one's come out of a 'special' alive." This shows how severe the conditions are as no-one has ever lasted a mere eight years. "A couple of hundred grams ruled your life." Here, he tells the reader that a few hundred grams of bread would determine a man's life in that camp showing how little food is given to the prisoners. He is forced to live and work in conditions that would repulse the average person today. "The belly is a rascal. It doesn't remember how well you treated it yesterday , it'll cry out for more tomorrow." The way these people were treated were inhumane and intolerable, yet Shukov continued to survive. Work was used as a distraction from thinking about his pains, problems and family. Physical labour was one of two elements of Shukov's life that help him survive. "And now Shukov and the other masons felt the cold no longer. Thanks to the urgent work, the first wave of heat had come over them.

Motivation and Emotion Worksheet Essay

Discuss the following as a team and provide a brief summary of the each discussion. The word count for individual answers may vary but your responses should total 500- to 800-words for the entire worksheet. 1. Describe three approaches to motivation. Explain how each approach affects motivation. The first being instincts which are the patterns of behavior that are biologically determined rather than learned. People as well as animals are preprogrammed when born with behavioral and survival instincts. The second being incentive approach. I feel that I’m more motivated when there is some incentive involved because I know at the end of the day I am going to be rewarded for my assistance. The third would be arousal approach where each person tries to maintain a certain level of stimulation and activity to keep you consistently motivated. 2. Theorists vary on why we experience emotions. Discuss at least two different theories related to emotional experiences. Physiological theories suggest that responses within the body are responsible for emotions. Your emotional reaction is dependent upon how you interpret those physical reactions. Neurological theories states that the activity within the brain leads to emotional responses. 3. Choose one positive and one negative emotion related to being a student. Provide one example for each of how these emotions may affect your performance in class. Positive emotion from being in school would be your satisfaction on completion of a course. You give yourself the emotion of complete success. Negative for me is withdrawing a course and having to retake it. Not only in your mind do you feel like a failure but you also have to revisit that state of emotion when you’re retaking the course again. 4. Summarize two theories of intelligence. What are the benefits and drawbacks to intelligence testing? Benefits to intelligence testing can be used as a great tool when making decisions regarding which careers to pursue and which to avoid. Professional organizations can use intelligence testing to ensure that the right person is being placed in the right job. As with professors/instructors they can use it to help in identifying which and what students need that extra help. An added benefit of the partitioning of IQ tests into aptitude tests is that intelligence testing can now be used by career counselors to guide students in their future career choices. Drawbacks to intelligence testing that is limits potential for mostly students both as kids and adults. You’re also limited to the types of intelligence. A fact that I found out after doing my research was that IQ test only results in a single number as an overall score for intelligence. The test does not show an accurate result of what people’s strengths are. Two people can have the same score with very different streng ths and weaknesses.

Adverse Events in Healthcare Essay Example

Adverse Events in Healthcare Essay Example Adverse Events in Healthcare Paper Adverse Events in Healthcare Paper Health care is an important aspect for every body and how it is managed has to be for the betterment of the society. Health care management thus means how the health facilities which include the hospitals, doctors nursing staff and the patients are handled pertaining health aspect. Patient safety is very important in the medical field. Adverse events can result in harmful effect on a patient. This is an area of concern in many nations that improving safety and quality in health care has become a priority in many hospitals. In the medicine field, when surgery or chemotherapy is done it can always result in adverse event on the patient. Discussion No one desires to cause it. It is usually quite harmful. An adverse event can be caused incorrect dosage of drugs. There are also times when the dosage is unsuitable. All these can be termed as a medical error. Sometimes it can be termed as a side effect. This is especially when the effect is judged as a therapeutic or secondary. When it results from treatment, it can be termed as iatrogenic. They may occur when treatment is discontinued. Sometimes it occurs when the treatment is increasing or when it is starting. (Gawande, and Thomas, 1999) Adverse event’s risk can be increased by using drugs that are contradicting. Sometimes doctors can have a negative prognosis of a disease because the patient has complications resulting from adverse event. This means that the patient will not react positively to the drugs given. A patient that is affected by adverse event has symptoms like weight gain or loss. One of the harmful effects is whereby the mortality of the patient is affected. There can be fluctuations in the patients enzymes. When the physiological, macroscopic and microscopic levels of pathogens are checked in a patient with adverse effect it will always show drastic changes. Some patients become totally functionless. Â  All these changes may be irreversible or reversible. Such a patients susceptibility to foods, chemicals or procedures may be decreased or increased. It is usually not the initial patients condition but it is something that results from medical intervention. Adverse events on a patient are usually unintentional. When it results from healthcare management it is referred to as an injury that is iatrogenic. It is good to note that these adverse effects are preventable especially if they result from management error. This issue has raised a concern on the patients safety in many countries. (Brennan and Laird 1991) These events are common to women who are delivering through caesarean. They occur while the patients are in the theatre. In this case we find that there are various causes to adverse event occurring in theatres during operations. It has been noted that the doctors dealing with this section are usually tired because of increase in the number of complications during delivery. Some of them just work 24 hours increasing adverse event occurrence. Some of the surgeons are found to be quite inexperienced in the work which influences too. The doctors can have work and also family related stress which affects their performance. There is so much technological advancement and at times they simply don’t have knowledge in the equipment being used. (Aiken, Silber, 2003) We also find that these events also occur in the patient care process by a nurse administering an under dose or an over dose of drugs on the patient. Research shows that some health professional may have so many patients to deal with till they affect his or her efficiency. There needs to be improvement in the patient care delivery. Patients always need attention in hospital to ensure there well being. Routine checks on the patients have to be done in good time. The people carrying out the patient care need to record how the patient is faring on There are incidences when the medial practitioner or professional is employed not on merit but due to other factors. This will always lead to an increase in the occurrence of adverse events in hospitals. There are simple things in hospitals like the filling system that can affect occurrence of adverse events. In hospitals sometimes the management fails to make important decisions very fast. Such delays affect the degree of adverse events occurring in hospitals. The management in hospitals need to be organized and do first things first. This will help in improving the quality and safety in the health care delivery by the professionals Recommendations and conclusion Adverse events in the health care sector may not be eliminated but they can be minimized. One of the ways is to carry out management development. This is where the doctors learn as they continue with their duties. It can be done formally and informally. Both ways are important and can lead to minimizing adverse events. There should be seminars and workshops where the health professionals are taught. This helps the professionals to acquire and up date their skills in relation to technological advancement. Surveillance in the organizations should be encouraged since this can help minimize adverse events occurring. The managers in hospitals that are simply lax in doing their work have to be done away with. The health professionals have to be assessed frequently. Those that are underperforming should be spotted and the necessary measures taken. This can help to prevent further harm on the patients by these professionals. (Bates, 2001) Managers in hospitals should ensure that the professional are enough considering the number of patients they speculate to have. They then have to carry out planning on who has to be on duty at what time. Reference: Aiken, L. Silber, J. (2003) Educational levels of hospital nurses and surgical patient Mortality; Jama; 290; 1615-1620 Brennan, T. and Laird N. (1991) Incidence of adverse events negligence in hospitalized Patients; North England Journal of Medicine; 321: 340-6 Bates, D. (2001) Reducing the frequency of Errors in Medicine Using Information Technology; Jamia; 8; 289-305 Gawande, A. and Thomas J. (1999) The incidence and nature of surgical adverse events in Colorado and Utah in 1992; Surgery; 116; 56-6

Case Brief

Case Brief Brendan FulcherCase Brief 2Tor Wynn8 May 2013Case Brief 2This crime occurred on October 5, 1983. A man and his significant other (who occupy the same house) ate dinner together, and then met at a pool hall at separate times. The woman arrived first, when the man (also the defendant) arrived he saw his significant other talking to another man, he was angry because he thought that she was cheating on him. He states that the anger quickly subsided. He left the bar alone and walked home, 10 minutes later she arrived at their shared residence and told him that he had one week to find another place to live. He consented and went upstairs to change. She followed him and proceeded to attempt to choke him. He punched her in the face in order to force her to release him. She then told him that he needed to leave that night.Deutsch: Messerbnkechen (versilbert) mit Messer ...He said he was tired of her antics, but proceeded to get re dressed and follow her out of the room and in to the kitchen. When he entered the kitchen she swung a 9in long knife at him. He wrestled the knife out of her hands, he has stated that he could have left then, but she grabbed for the knife again, in the struggle the man states that she pulled the knife towards herself, when he pulled the knife away there was blood on the blade. She had stabbed herself in the struggle for the knife.The man was convicted of manslaughter; he argues that it was self-defense and that the jury was not properly instructed on the stand your ground ruling in self-defense. The jury says that since he had an opportunity to get away, that deadly force was not needed,

Impact of e-Business initiatives on firm value Annotated Bibliography

Impact of e-Business initiatives on firm value - Annotated Bibliography Example The study reveals that the cumulative abnormal return for such initiatives ranges from 3.5% to 4.74% in the first five days. Another significant finding is that the abnormal returns are higher in the e-business initiatives of business-to-consumer firms than that of business-to-business firms. The explanation for this claim is found in the ‘firm size effect’. It is found that higher abnormal returns are created in small-sized firms. As business-to-business firms are generally bigger than business-to-customer firms, it is claimed that the latter will gain more abnormal returns in the e-business initiatives. Thus, putting an end to the long ambiguity regarding the profitability of e-business initiatives, the study came up with the finding that it is highly beneficial to the firms because it offers future benefits to the firms in the form of increased market values. The reason, according to the scholars, is that such aggressive steps are often considered as futuristic by stakeholders and other public. Thus, such firms escape the usual bandwagon effect. Admittedly, there were previous studies which proved that e-business initiatives positively affect the value of firms. However, the present study stands apart for showing the various effects of e-business initiatives based on the nature of the initiative and the nature of the business. The strength of the study lies in the fact that it investigates the issue in two different capital markets; namely KSE and KOSDAQ. However, there are some findings which contradict the findings in American market. For example, while the e-business expansion of an established e-business company makes more positive effect than the e-business initiative of a non-internet firm in the U.S, the opposite is true in Korea. Similarly, though the study hypothesized that the abnormal returns are linked to the layer to which the

News Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

News Values - Essay Example The Egyptian piece I picked to help demonstrate the seven news values is a piece about an important Egyptian Imah issuing a fatawa forbidding Muslims from participating in a strike against rising food prices that was set to take place on Sunday. The first news value, the value of impact, is very strong in this piece. This is sure to be a hot topic over in Egypt, as the religious leaders have now made it so people cannot participate in the strike that was to take place on Sunday. It has the right amount of impact upon the reader, and is sure to stir up interesting reader response. The article also displays appropriate timeliness. The article is coming out well before the strike, and it also gives people enough time of a warning if they had planned on taking part in the strike. It would completely loose its timeliness if it came out after the strike, so I would have to say that the timing is perfect. I do not think that the article could carry any more prominence that it already does. It involves a high ranking religious leader, and a touch sensitive subject about the strike. It is an important story, and would be a very important story for the people reading it over in Egypt. Proximity is also right on the dot.