Material Durability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Material Durability - Essay Example The anode presents the species where consumption happens and a point from which electric flow starts, while the cathode is the species to which the electric flow streams without surrendering to erosion. Electrolytes go about as the momentum conduction media and incorporate water, concrete among numerous others (Corrosion Doctors n.d., para.2). The metallic way is the methods for association that empowers current stream between the anode and cathode in this way bringing about the finishing of the circuit. In the general condition around the inserted steel can't erode because of an oxide layer, making it inert and the solid gives enough spread against consumption. Be that as it may, solid spread endures bargain in specific situations, which separate the surface oxide layer to open the steel to erosion powers. At the point when it starts, the four consumption components enact and the structure tumbles to dangers of shortcoming occasioned by wearing out of metal. Right off the bat, when the structure’s area comes to coordinate contact with salty dampness, for example, is frequently the situation close to seawater, the earth goes about as an impetus and quickens consumption. Salt is made out of sodium chloride and the contact of chloride particles with the steel brings about erosion. Beach front areas have a decent number of fortified solid structures, which are in a steady danger of presentation to the dampness, through straightforwardly contact either with seawater or through mugginess. Besides, the decrease of the antacid state of the solid around the steel makes the ideal condition for consumption and pitting (Cadman 2012, para.1). The commonest course for this decrease of soluble condition is carbonation of cement, bringing about an impartial condition that underpins erosion. When contrasted with the effect of chloride condition on causation of erosion, carbonation has a lower harm to the uprightness

Goddess by Banks free essay sample

It is difficult to depict a collection like â€Å"Goddess,† as it appears to remove feeling from under the heaviest of characters. Jillian Banks, also called Banks, hails from Los Angeles. Her selections for the BBC’s The Sound of 2014 and MTV’s Brand New for 2014 honors may have earned her some acknowledgment, yet her name is still very underground. In a meeting with the BBC, Banks uncovered that she showed herself how to play music to adapt to a time of wretchedness. The way that she stayed quiet about her melodic ability until graduating school stands out shockingly from the dim trustworthiness of her verses. The 27-year-old’s profound introduction collection, basically titled â€Å"Goddess,† has not gotten the affirmation it legitimately merits. The hour-long collection is a greater amount of an encounter than a pop, RB, or elective aggregation. Her sound can be ordered as outing bounce, which is characterized by Merriam-Webster as â€Å"electronic move music generally dependent on a moderate hip-jump beat and consolidating mesmerizing blended and prerecorded sounds. We will compose a custom article test on Goddess by Banks or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † Her combination of dim, overwhelming, enticing beat and blues with electronic songs isolates Banks from other pop specialists. Her ground-breaking, mitigating vocals are extraordinarily one of a kind yet could be contrasted with those of pop and RB symbols Aaliyah, Adele, and Fiona Apple. Banks’s nonattendance from web-based social networking leaves the vast majority of her actual character a secret. However in the wake of testing a couple of her 14 tracks, audience members may feel like they know her and can identify with her encounters of tragedy, melancholy, and forlornness. Banks’s incredible mystique recognizes her from today’s platinum pop specialists. At the point when she sings, she uncovers her inward feelings and mysteries †and she doesn’t appearing to be edgy or uninformed, yet rather, human. With her uprightness, Banks has given an as good as ever form of the exemplary separation tune. The topics of her melodies don't shrivel in self centeredness or put her above others. Rather than composing and singing playful tunes with a message of exploitation and privilege, Banks uncovers her emotions in an extraordinarily relatable manner. In â€Å"Goddess,† she rouses: â€Å"’Cause she’s a goddess, at long last observed this/And now you’re back, attempting to guarantee her/’Cause she’s gone and now without her/You’re in solitude, ’cause she’s a goddess.† Her message is one of common sense and women's liberation †with illustrations of excellence and worth sprinkled in †in a combination that is a long way from buzzword. Cutting-edge Banks mitigates, diverts, and engages audience members while identifying with them on subjects that each youthful grown-up has confronted.

Physical Security †Essay Essay

In the United States everybody is worried about wellbeing in their homes and in their working environment. People make a huge effort to guarantee that every one of their assets that they own couldn't be taken from them. As indicated by the 1999 FBI Uniform Crime Reports, across the country 408,217 thefts were carried out with the assessed measure of misfortunes being accounted for at $508 million in misfortunes. Numerous measures can be set up to forestall such misfortunes. This paper will examine physical security and different parts, for example, building security, grounds security, get to control frameworks, border security, data frameworks, and innovation security. Physical Security As indicated by Search Security (2011), Physical security is â€Å"Physical security is the insurance of work force, equipment, projects, systems, and information from physical conditions and occasions that could make genuine misfortunes or harm an undertaking, office, or establishment. This incorporates insurance from fire, catastrophic events, robbery, burglary, vandalism, and terrorism.† Physical security can be depicted as measures taken to forestall and to dissuade gatecrashers or assailants from accessing offices, assets, or data put away on physical media. Physical security additionally gives direction on approaches to configuration structures to oppose different threatening acts. As physical security can have appeared to be this detailed undertaking, yet can be a basic demonstration of locking a home or business entryway and not given a simple access to an interloper. To keep people, families, or representatives safe one needs to consider the things that are essential to them and the things one additionally needs to secure. Ground Security Ground security can be taken a gander at as approaches to ensure territories around air terminals. Since September 11, 2001, air terminals have experienced numerous progressions to guarantee that their travelers are sheltered and all packs and gear are protected before the leave the ground and enter the plane. Before that unfortunate occasion there were no significant safety efforts set up with the exception of screenings yet individuals could simply go back and forth however they see fit. Because of the hijackings security wasâ beefed up hugely. Travelers are screened all the more intently. Individuals are not permitted to convey fluids into the air terminal dislike before just travelers with tickets may enter the terminal. As indicated by USAToday columnist Blake Morrison (2002), Flight orderlies report that many ground laborers, for example, air terminal mechanics, food providers and incline laborers despite everything approach planes without experiencing any checkpoints as long as the have their swipe cards. Access Control Systems Access control frameworks are exceptionally utilized all things considered organizations to keep unapproved individuals out of spots they don't have a place. Access control frameworks are thought of as electronic card perusers were identifications are expected to open an entryways, lets people access a lift, or carport. Access control frameworks additionally can be as straightforward as having a security watchman to prevent individuals from entering a specific zone. There are levels of access controls there is the essential framework that permits frameworks to react to a pin or a card number, there is a shrewd framework that controls access to entryways locks and furthermore has the ability to store data. The most well-known penetrate of this framework is that individuals permit people without identifications to slip in behind them. For instance, these days numerous high rise or condominium buildings have fundamental passages were they should identification in or have a key to open the entryway. There is consistently somebody holding up at the entryway to pick up passage, and a great many people will simply open the entryway and let the person in question in never imagining that this individual ought not approach. The individual who is allowed in could be an interloper there to do hurt. Hence numerous organizations/home buildings stress that approve clients ought not let anybody enter except if the person have followed the fitting technique for guests. Access cards have been demonstrated to have some weakness. Programmers are exceptionally clever and have discovered approaches to duplicate the cards data. Programmers have become so cultivated that they have made compact perusers t cap can catch the card number. No security strategy can ever be recorded as 100% successful. Edge Security Edge Security can be portrayed as a limit that isolates a region from the remainder of the world. The reason for the edge security is to deter,â detect, defer and deny unapproved access to an edge without the owner’s agree to keep away from robbery, vandalism, or other criminal acts. Numerous things are utilized to keep individual from accessing their property. Fences or doors are acceptable beginning stages to ensure property. Doors that are sufficiently high and bolted keeps interlopers out. A different line of resistance is security lights. Having a region with great lighting is basic to a security framework since individuals are less inclined to carry out a wrongdoing in a spot in the event that they believe they can be seen by somebody. Most crooks search for a zone that doesn't have great lighting and is away from by passers. Great lights around a home and a zone not covered up by congested trees and bushes gives some assurance. Lighting can shield a home or a business from gatecrasher since it gives craftiness. Numerous homes have introduced movement sensor lights that please when somebody strolls or moves in a specific edge around their home or business. On the off chance that the interloper were to set off the sensor and lights please they will in all likelihood flee as they don't know whether somebody is observing either from the home the person is meddling or from the neighbor’s house. Lawbreakers are likewise hindered from homes or organizations with outside lighting since they imagine that in the event that you set aside the effort to introduce great lighting, this home additionally has the capability of having a caution framework. Additionally in the event that it is a business that is being interfered acceptable lighting likewise helps the utilization surveillance cameras, if the lighting is acceptable more clear pictures could be caught. Data Systems and Technology Security Data security implies shielding data from unapproved get to, use, exposure, interruption, adjustment, examination, investigation, recording, or annihilation. Most organizations and homes have interruption location frameworks on their PCs. Interruption recognition frameworks permit organizations to screen undesirable endeavors to access their frameworks. As per Webopedia (2010) these location gadgets permit directors to see all action approaching and active. Interruption location is critical to protect data frameworks from programmers, displeased representatives, and other people who might need to raise the organization ruckus or harm their IT frameworks. Wellbeing Net uses a Reactive Intrusion Detection framework. The explanation the uninvolved framework is utilized on the grounds that it logs all exercises and afterward sounds an alarm. A responsive framework not onlyâ logs the traffic and dubious utilize then cautions directors, however it likewise logs off a client after dubious action is distinguished (Net Security, 2010). Wellbeing Net feels the detached technique is simply not defensive enough in observing dubious action. Permitting chiefs to realize who has directed such action is incredible however Reactive stops the movement. The location framework used by Safety Net is a Host Intrusion Detection System as opposed to the Network Intrusion Detection System. End Physical security is the insurance of work force, equipment, projects, systems, and information from physical conditions and occasions that could make genuine misfortunes or harm an undertaking, office, or organization. People have the duty to ensure that they shield themselves from hurt. All measures must be gauged and applied to guarantee that security can't be penetrated. References Burglary. (2011). Recovered fromhttp://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/robbery.html | | Morrison, Blake. (2002) Attendants question ground security. Recovered on January 7,2011 from http://www.usatoday.com/news/country/2002/04/04/ground-security.htm Intrusion Detection. (2012). Recovered on January 7, 2011 From http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Computer_Science/2005 Net Security. (2011). Recovered on January 7, 2011 From http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/hackertools/an/aa030504_2.htm

Technology and Social Media Essay - 550 Words

Technology and Social Media (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Technology and Social MediaTechnology came at the time when people wanted it. It has undergone several advancements that have left many people wondering how it will look like in the future. One of the areas that has benefited due to the advancements in technology is communication. Social media is a term that describes the interaction between individuals by producing, sharing, and exchanging ideas over the internet and virtual communities. Nowadays the youth and elderly are becoming more and more attached to technology than it was before. Technology has brought devices such as mobile phones, computers, and social media networks such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, and Whatsapp through which people can communicate through the internet. The virtual communities have made social media a vital aspect of todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life. Social media has a significant impact in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s people especially the youth. Social media has transformed the way in which people interact with each other as well as how they are using the technology.Technology has provided a great way of making people staying entertained all the time at the same time it has acted as a means of disconnecting people from their families. Despite the ability of people communicating on the social Medias, they can watch TV programs and shows, movies through the internet using YouTube. In addition, they have the ability to play games online. Those people who do not switch off their devices or get offline, switches off their relationships with their families (O'Keeffe Kathleen).The current technology devices such as iPods and mobile phones keep the youth entertained all the time because of their portability. They cause a distraction from the real life experiences since they can be taken anywhere the people go. Today the youths are communicating with their parents, peers, and friends anytime and from anywhere. They are texting when they are driving, during dinner and ev en in churches.Technology has lead to an increase of cyber crimes and bullying. Bullies have taken the advantage of the anonymity given by the internet to carry out their bullying acts. The cyber crime offenders mostly target the youth because they are anxious of doing things over the internet. They do not read the privacy and disclaimer policies of the websites that they visit. Since they do not read the website policies, they are vulnerable to being attacked by the bullies. Their personal information is exposed over the internet something that makes them risky. Studies have revealed that social media sites have the ability of swaying people to spend money or reveal their personal information by running some advertisements on their pages. Sometimes they run some advertisements of selling some merchandise can subconsciously reveal their personal information (O'Keeffe Kathleen).Technology and social media have their goodness as well. Social media has provided an invaluable tool for professionals to meet and exchange their ideas. The professionals can also market their skills through the social media and seek greater business opportunities. People who have trouble in making new friends have found it easy to make new friends through the internet. Although these relationships over the internet take long time to build, they have done a great deal to those who have trouble. Those that build relationships online should be careful because they can be dangerous. One can be open to t... Technology and Social Media Essay - 550 Words Technology and Social Media (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Technology and Social MediaTechnology came at the time when people wanted it. It has undergone several advancements that have left many people wondering how it will look like in the future. One of the areas that has benefited due to the advancements in technology is communication. Social media is a term that describes the interaction between individuals by producing, sharing, and exchanging ideas over the internet and virtual communities. Nowadays the youth and elderly are becoming more and more attached to technology than it was before. Technology has brought devices such as mobile phones, computers, and social media networks such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, and Whatsapp through which people can communicate through the internet. The virtual communities have made social media a vital aspect of todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life. Social media has a significant impact in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s people especially the youth. Social media has transformed the way in which people interact with each other as well as how they are using the technology.Technology has provided a great way of making people staying entertained all the time at the same time it has acted as a means of disconnecting people from their families. Despite the ability of people communicating on the social Medias, they can watch TV programs and shows, movies through the internet using YouTube. In addition, they have the ability to play games online. Those people who do not switch off their devices or get offline, switches off their relationships with their families (O'Keeffe Kathleen).The current technology devices such as iPods and mobile phones keep the youth entertained all the time because of their portability. They cause a distraction from the real life experiences since they can be taken anywhere the people go. Today the youths are communicating with their parents, peers, and friends anytime and from anywhere. They are texting when they are driving, during dinner and ev en in churches.Technology has lead to an increase of cyber crimes and bullying. Bullies have taken the advantage of the anonymity given by the internet to carry out their bullying acts. The cyber crime offenders mostly target the youth because they are anxious of doing things over the internet. They do not read the privacy and disclaimer policies of the websites that they visit. Since they do not read the website policies, they are vulnerable to being attacked by the bullies. Their personal information is exposed over the internet something that makes them risky. Studies have revealed that social media sites have the ability of swaying people to spend money or reveal their personal information by running some advertisements on their pages. Sometimes they run some advertisements of selling some merchandise can subconsciously reveal their personal information (O'Keeffe Kathleen).Technology and social media have their goodness as well. Social media has provided an invaluable tool for professionals to meet and exchange their ideas. The professionals can also market their skills through the social media and seek greater business opportunities. People who have trouble in making new friends have found it easy to make new friends through the internet. Although these relationships over the internet take long time to build, they have done a great deal to those who have trouble. Those that build relationships online should be careful because they can be dangerous. One can be open to t...

Women s Rights Myth Or Truth - 1669 Words

Alexia Martin Mrs. Akelman AP Language and Composition 24 February 2016 Women’s Rights: Myth or Truth? In our first American history class, we learn about the battles we won, disasters we dodged, and equality we achieved. We learn about religious freedom, how slaves were freed, and how women gained the right to vote in 1920. Focussing on the victories allows us to disregard the inequality that is ever present in our society today. We turn a blind eye to the blatant discrimination, and many accept it and believe America is completely equal. While America has improved tenfold over the many years due to protests and reformation, our country still has a very long way to go. There is still racial prejudice, controversy over sexuality, and†¦show more content†¦This statistic alone shows that women are viewed as less important and unworthy of the same financial stability that a man is entitled to. This is an important issue because women are the breadwinners for more than 50% of American households. (The White House) Families and children depend on women to get a substantial in come, and without receiving as high of a salary as a man, the households who rely on women are at a disadvantage. Simple school supplies, medical expenses, and college tuition are all harder to obtain and pay for for those families who rely on women to provide the bulk or all of the income. It takes mothers an extra six months to acquire the same amount of money that fathers earn in one year, which sets them back and makes it harder for women to live a life equal to that of a man. (The White House) While the Equal Pay Act was put into place in 1963, the pay gap definitely still exists. This shows that even though there are restrictions on unequal pay, somehow businesses and corporations are getting around it and allowing men to make more money than women. Some may say that there are obvious solutions to this pay gap. They say that women should receive a higher education to allow them to get higher paying jobs, or apply to executive positions in order to close the pay gap. These so c alled solutions are not well thought out and are completely wrong, because studies show that any level of education, from high

Why Hunting Should Be For Providing Food And Resources As...

Oh Deer There are multiple and personal ways to look at hunting, such as a way to provide life or even a sport. There are also different tactics in hunting, such as high fence, low fence, endangered, poaching and etc. Ethically I believe the means of hunting should purposely be for providing food and resources as needed. More than 38 million Americans hunt and fish, as stated by nhfday.org. These statistics were in 2012 and records have concluded that the numbers have increased since then making hunting a higher demand. I believe as a hunter you should have a purpose for killing an animal. For example, many hunt for the meat, but you can utilize the rest of the animal for different resources, like bones or antlers being made into knives. Responsible hunters should be defined as respectful to natural resources because hunting provides a way of life and population control. Surveys are taken across the United States in various ways. In Texas we have multiple ways in how we calculate the white tailed deer population. Right now, our current ratio of doe’s to bucks is 10:1. We are overpopulated in both genders, but mainly in doe’s which is why were limited on how many bucks we are allowed to kill per season. For the hunting season of 2015-2016, you were allowed to kill 5 white tailed deer in total; only 3 are allowed to be bucks or antlerless while the remaining 2 are strictly antlerless deer. Texas harvests the largest amount of white tailed deer in the countryShow MoreRelated The Relationship Between Humans and the Environment Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pageshumans until they conquered it – and herein lies the core of the relationship. The earth affects humans, and humans affect it back, viewing characteristics and patterns as problems and challenges, and finding a solution. This is why it matters: we don’t know where we should go unless we know who and where we are. 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Briefly describe how this object was key to translating Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Rosetta stone was found in 1799 during the French revolutionary war. The stone contains inscriptions on itRead MoreThe Falling Population of the Endangered Asiatic Lion Essay examples2966 Words   |  12 PagesIs enough being done in order to keep a steady trend of the once falling population of the endangered Asiatic Lion (Panthera Leo Persica) or should they be left to die as they are only a subspecies? The Asiatic Lion or sometimes referred to as the Indian Lion is a sub species of Lions derived from breeding between the lion in North Africa and South-West Asia, â€Å"which formerly stretched across the coastal forests of northern Africa and from northern Greece across south-west Asia to eastern India1†

Boohoo - a Dotcom Story free essay sample

Under these circumstances the downfall of the company was pretty much a foregone conclusion, although it is tempting to think about the many what if? scenarios it presents in our minds. Boo. com was overwhelmed with problems and mismanagement from the start. Its website relied heavily on Javascript and Flash which was really slow to load at a time when dial-up internet usage was the norm among the populace round the world. Boo. com spent a lot to market itself as a global company but then had to deal with different languages, pricing, and tax structures in all the countries it launched its website. The company also mysteriously decided to pay postage on returns, but even more importantly, sales never reached expectations. The company spent $135 million of venture capital in just 18 months and it was placed into receivership on 18 May 2000 and liquidated. The company’s goals to dominate the world’s global online retail sales with its virtual doors open throughout Europe and America fell through the roof by the end of its 1st year since launched globally. Malmsten (2001): â€Å"The ‘BOO’ brand name originated from film star Bo Derek; best known for her role in 1979 Blake Edwards film 10. The domain name ‘bo. om’ was unavailable, but adding an ‘o’, they managed to procure the domain ‘boo. com’ for $2,500 from a domain name dealer. † Rob Talbot, director of marketing for Boo. com: â€Å"Boo were â€Å"looking for a name that was easy to spell across all the different countries and easy to remember something that didnt have a particular meaning†. ANALYSIS: The market for clothing was viewed as very large venture at that time, so the idea was to capture only a small part of this market, which guaranteed success in the founders mindset. They listed brands like Polo Ralph Lauren, Tommy Hilfiger, Nike, Fila, Lacoste and Adidas. The proposition involved sports and fashion goods alongside each other. The market on the basis of imminent success was indicated by New Media Age (1999) where it was described as: â€Å"The $60b USD industry is dominated by the Gen-Xers who are online and according to market research in need of knowing what is in, what is not and a way to receive such goods quickly. If Boo. com becomes known as the place to keep up with fashion and can supply the latest trends then there is no doubt that there is a market, a highly profitable one at that for profits to grow from. † The growth in market was also supported by retail analysts, with Verdict redicting online shopping in the United Kingdom to grow from ? 600 million in 1999 to ? 12. 5 billion in 2005. Boo. com wanted to develop an easy to use experience which re-created the offline shopping experience as far as possible; which included gimmicks such as: A virtual salesperson, â€Å"Miss Boo† would guide users through the sit e and give helpful tips. When selecting products, users could drag them on to models, zoom in and rotate them in 3D to visualize them from different angles, rejecting basic ideas like set-up cost, internet speed and user friendly windows. In 1999 if you were a MAC user; BOO. COM was inaccessible. $6 million was spent on content about spring/summer fashion ware. $200 to photograph each product, representing a monthly cost of more than $500,000. Analyst Nik Margolis writing in New Media Age (1999) said: â€Å"What I saw at boo. com is simply the most clever web experience I have seen in quite a while. The presentation of products and content are both imaginative and offer an experience. Sure everything loads up fast in an office but I was assured by those at Boo. com that they will keep to a limit of 8 seconds for a page to download. Eight seconds is not great but the question is will it be worth waiting for? † Of course, today, the majority of European users have broadband, but in the late 1990s the majority were on dial-up and had to download a specific software to view products. MORALE: WHAT WENT WRONG? 1. Ambition The problem was that they were following an extremely aggressive growth plan, launching simultaneously in 18 different countries. This plan was founded on the assumption of the ready availability of venture capital money to see the company through the first few years of trading until sales caught up with operating expenses. . Problems with user experience The website was poorly designed for its target audience. The site relied heavily on  JavaScript  and Flash  technology to display pseudo 3D views of products as well as â€Å"Miss Boo. † The complicated design required the site to be displayed in a fixed size window, which limited the space available to display product informatio n to the customer which was overlooked by domain designers. Its interface was also complex with a hierarchical system that required the user to answer four or five different questions before products in stock in a particular sub-section. . Message communication Boo. com wanted to arrive on the scene with a bang. They tried to do the unorthodox; by aggressively attacking the mind of their target audience. Also their norm paradox: Adverts, were often obnoxious and outrageously portrayed. Creditors, most of whom were advertising agencies, were owed around ? 12 million. Over 400 staff and contractors were made redundant in London and around the world, and many not being paid for several months. Fashionmall. com, which has been operating since 1994, bought the remains of Boo. om which included brand, Web address and advertising materials but this deal did not include any physical assets, software or distribution channels. Less than $2 million was earned by selling all Boos remaining asse ts. As late as 2003, stickers from their  revolutionary marketing  campaigns could still be seen in London, with the slogan Fashion never dies! â€Å" In 2005  CNET  called Boo. com the sixth greatest dot-com flop in the history. Annotated Bibliography References include: Primary sources Secondary sources Website Peer reviewed Journals Primary sources: Brand Failures : The Truth About the 100 Biggest Branding Mistakes of All Time by Haig, Matt, 2011 Page-187 http://reader. eblib. com. au. ezproxy. lib. rmit. edu. au/(S(ztukcb3bwkhlzajzqf2c5bt5))/Reader. aspx? p=692439o=116u=3UEHHNV80FV000KaQsBEeQ%3d%3dt=1333420628h=53FFAD78FA4C29E3BFDD3BF28338616DE440A5ECs=5577301ut=337pg=1r=imgc=-1pat=n# This is the first examination of the worlds top 100 spectacular brand disasters. Its not just smaller, lesser-known companies that have launched dud brands. On the contrary, most of the worlds global giants have launched new products that have flopped spectacularly and at great cost. Brand Failures is a fascinating look at how such disasters occur. It describes those brands that set sail with the help of multi-million dollar advertising campaigns, only to sink without trace. In a highly readable and entertaining style, Matt Haig starts with classic examples from every era of branding and moves towards more recent brand failures. The book also has great practical value: each brand scenario includes a checklist of lessons learnt, so providing how not to advice. Secondary sources: Venture Capital Funding : A Practical Guide to Raising Finance by Blommfield, Stephen, 2008 Aimed at SMEs looking to raise new finance, Venture Capital Funding provides a detailed examination of the funding options available, the most effective approaches to venture capitalists, and new material on the legal and regional perspectives. The business of helping firms to become investment ready has long been seen as vital to the long-term development of any economy, but the process of identifying and attracting the right kind of investor can be a difficult process for many small- and medium-sized businesses. Venture Capital Funding gives you a detailed, step-by-step guide to obtaining venture capital from building a management team, through to the maze of due diligence procedures and necessary legal procedures. Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Boo. com Wikipedia helps summarize the whole dot com story with many references, names and dates. Marketing the e-Business http://reader. eblib. com. au. ezproxy. lib. rmit. edu. au/(S(vptr54qn1ri3in02qmgt3kb3))/Reader. aspx? =180605o=116u=3UEHHNV80FV000KaQsBEeQ%3d%3dt=1333423108h=9F25EDD82AACABC89AFDF7D52FF25F5D3FA9B8EEs=5577876ut=337pg=143r=imgc=-1pat=n by Harris, Lisa; Dennis, Charles This e-book refers to ways of improving marketing effectiveness through electronic means. Looks at the main marketing themes (product, price, promotion, place) and the bigger e considerations, for example legislation, data protection and ethics. Never Bet the Farm : How Entrepreneurs Take Risks, Make Decisions and How You Can, Too by Iaquinto, Anthony; S pinelli, Stephen|2010 Anthony Iaquinto and Stephen Spinelli, turn much of the so-called expert advice for entrepreneurs on its head. They show that by preparing for setbacks and using a framework that can help reduce risks and simplify decision making, entrepreneurs can increase their probability for success http://www. australianhumanitiesreview. org/archive/Issue-September-2002/lovink. html Peer reviewed journal After the dotcom failure in the early 2000, some accounts by people who were at the center of the dot called internet. Website: www. boo. com gt; http://www. ostelworld. com/ In May 2007 Web Reservations International turned boo. com into a travel site with reviews and listings. Since october 2010, it redirects you the its sister site; hostelworld. com http://www. londonspeakerbureau. com/speaker-profiles/ernst-malmsten? PHPSESSID=147f99af0063c51b542a9e22bf70aa7f Profiling Ernst Malmsten http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Dan_Wagner Gives an insight to the sponsors and the investors of the British owned Internet company. http://www. guardian. co. uk/technology/2005/may/16/media. business retrieved- 01/04/2012

Management

Dissertation Objectives The working title of the proposed study is ‘Management-Employee Misalignment Performance implications: An Empirical Study of the U.S. Steel Production Industry.’Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Management-Employee Misalignment Performance Implications: An Empirical Study of the U.S. Steel Production Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The general aim of the proposed study will be to critically evaluate how the U.S. steel manufacturing industries can benefit, productively, by aligning their overall management and business strategies to the needs and expectations of employees working in the sector, hence maintain competitive advantage. The following will form the specific objectives: Critically evaluate the sources of management-employee misalignment within the industry; Critically evaluate the performance implications occasioned by management-employee misalignme nt within the industry; Critically evaluate the industry’s best practices in encouraging and maintaining management-employee alignment to boost performance and profitability; and Analyze and report on probable alternatives that could by used in the U.S. steel production industry to effectively link management strategies to employee needs and expectations from a human resource perspective. The proposed study will be guided by the following research questions: What organizational methodologies can stakeholders in the U.S. steel production industry use to effectively align management strategies to the current needs and expectations of employees? What are the broad implications of using organizational frameworks that contribute to management-employment misalignment in the U.S. steel production industry? What are the perceived and real benefits of introducing a framework that will enhance management-employee alignment in the U.S. steel production industry? Methodology The propo sed study will employ a quantitative research design to critically evaluate the performance implications of management-employee misalignment in the U.S. steel production industry. As Hopkins (2000) observes, most quantitative studies are principally concerned with evaluating the correlation between independent and dependent variables, and are either descriptive or experimental. In this regard, a quantitative study will best serve the interests of the proposed study by offering a workable framework through which management-employee misalignment can be correlated to performance implications. The proposed study will be descriptive in nature because subjects earmarked for the study will be measured once (Sekaran, 2006). Primary data will be collected using self-administered questionnaires in a survey approach since the researcher is primarily interested in descriptive assessment of the relationship between management-employee misalignments on the one hand and performance implications on the other. In this perspective, a pilot study will be carried out before the commencement of the research to validate the items included in the questionnaire schedule as well as ensure that they will effectively answer the key research questions. It is imperative to note that the questionnaires will be administered using online protocols.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondary data for the proposed study will be gathered by means of undertaking a critical review of related literature on the underlying theories and concepts of organizational alignment, the role of human resource departments in ensuring employees needs and demands are positively aligned to management and organizational outcomes, and performance implications triggered by management-employee misalignment. The data collected will then be used to compare the research findings with other previous studies in the field with a view to developing plausible alternatives and recommendations that could be used in the 21st century to form a value-added linkage between management strategies and employee concerns. Patzer (2005) observes that secondary data by way of undertaking a review of current literature does not only avail to the researcher a re-established degree of validity and reliability to the issues under investigation, but it also provides a framework through which the gathered primary data can be objectively ascertained and recommendations made. The population for the proposed study will comprise employees and managers from five steel production companies that will be selected during the piloting stage. The sample, however, will comprise five management-level professionals and 20 employees in each of the five companies, implying that the total sample for the study will comprise 25 management-level professionals and 100 employees. It is imperative to note that management professi onals will be sampled using purposive sampling technique, while the researcher intends to use the human resource departments in each of the selected companies to sample employees using convenience sampling approach. According to Sekaran, participants in a purposive sample are selected based on their deeper understanding of the phenomena under study (in this case, management strategies and how the relate to employee concerns), while subjects in a convenient sample are included in the research framework by virtue of being in the right position at the right time. Quantitative data intended to answer the key research objectives and questions will be collected from the selected companies using two sets of online self-administered questionnaires – one for managers and the other for employees.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Management-Employee Misalignment Performance Implications: An Empirical Study of the U.S. Steel Production Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lewis-Beck Bryman (2004) observes that administering questionnaires online does not only ensure anonymity and respondent acceptability, but also saves costs and affords the researcher the opportunity to collect huge volumes of data using a flexible design. Questionnaires, on their part, are cost-effective and can be administered with ease, not mentioning that they are effective when the researcher wants to gather confidential data from the subjects (Sekaran, 2006). Feasibility To execute the proposed study, academic resources intended to complete the review of literature will be sourced from scholarly databases, including Academic Search Premier, MasterFILE Premier, and Business Source Premier Databases, among others. The subjects earmarked for this particular study are reasonably likely to be willing to take part in the process since the researcher will take ample time to explain to them the nature and purpose of the study, not mentioning that the researcher will discuss with them their rights, especially the right to informed consent, right to disengage from the research process, right to withhold confidential information, and the right to privacy. These disclosures will most definitely reinforce the subjects’ willingness to participate in the study. In addition, the proposed study will employ an expanded, all-inclusive time-scale (3 months after commencement) to ensure that all elements within the research framework are sufficiently covered. Relation with Existing Published Work The concept of alignment has in recent decades gained an important position in the broad field of strategic management. Venkatraman et al (1989) cited in Schniederjans Cao (2009) had implicitly underlined the significance of aligning business and management preferences with the broader strategies of the organization. Available strategic management literature denotes the importance of aligning business and management strategies with the strengths found within the organization as well as the opportunities and threats prevalent in the external environment (Dubrovski, 2009; Anisomova, 2010; Schniederjans Cao, 2009).Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Indeed, alignment of strategies from a holistic perspective is assumed to be a positive contributor to organizational and business performance, and many studies as demonstrated by Schniederjans Cao (2009) have been conducted to reveal the association between alignment and business performance. To offer a brief contextual background, the proposed study will limit itself to evaluating management-employee misalignment within the U.S. steel production industry. The steel production industry operates under the manufacturing sector, and employment opportunities within the industry continue to diminish despite expanding steel production, in part, due to widespread adoption of more efficient and cost-effective technologies (WorldSteel, 2008). However, the proposed study aims to go past the technical aspects attributed to the diminishing workforce within the industry to evaluate if management concerns, specifically management-employee misalignment, have a role to play and the performance im plications of such a possibility. The steel manufacturing industry, as is the case in other industries, is affected by a multiplicity of internal and external vagrancies, including management-employee misalignment (Tarigan, 2005). The proposed study will therefore seek to assess to what extent this particular variable affects performance within the U.S. steel production industry. According to Schniederjans Cao (2009), â€Å"†¦research on alignment in the operations strategy literature can be classified under two categories: internal fit and external fit† (p. 2536). While citing Skinner’s (1974) definition, the authors’ postulates that internal fit refers to the consistency among organizations tasks, strategies, policies and practices, while external fit focuses on the need for aligning organization-wide strategy with business and corporate stratagems. A manufacturing strategy, for instance, must be consistently aligned with an organization’s busines s strategy for such an organization to make headway in the ever competitive business environment witnessed in the 21st century. But while the study of alignment of business priorities and organizational strategy in the manufacturing sector and its relationship with performance has currently become the focus of much scholarly attention (Tarigan, 2005), few studies have attempted to look at the alignment between business priorities and other functional areas such as human resources, hence the need to undertake the proposed study. An ever increasing number of researchers and practitioners postulate that optimal benefit will accumulate if there is a fit between environmental factors and strategy in diverse contextual modes. Boyer McDermott (1999) cited in Tarigan (2005) found that lack of alignment within the various scopes of the organization has significant effects on performance. Indeed, Tarigan (2005) observes that â€Å"†¦strategy must not only be well-fitted to its competit ive priorities but it also must be communicated and widely understood throughout the manufacturing organization† (p. 586). His view is ingeniously shared by Christiansen Higgs (2008), who argues that the appropriateness of an organization’s strategy must be evaluated under the lens of its fit or congruence with both the environmental and contextual contingencies facing the organization. Boyer and McDermott (1999) cited in Tarigan (2005) posited that strategic consensus aimed at aligning critical organizational and business processes can only be achieved when diverse levels of employees within an organization reaches a well thought out agreement on what is most essential for the organization to succeed. This implies that employees form a critical component in the alignment debate and should be involved at all levels to trigger sustained performance. However, Kennedy (2004) argues that some management strategies found in many firms either ignore or half-heartedly embrace employee needs and broader HR initiatives, especially in training and development, compensation and benefits, performance and appraisal, staff planning, retention, and other challenges prevalent in today’s marketplace. The proposed study, therefore, will seek to come up with alternatives and best practices that can be used by organizations in general and steel production companies in particular to bring employees onboard while formulating critical management strategies and priorities. Such information will inarguably consolidate management-employee alignment. In his study on how ‘business strategy and HR strategy can impact performance’, Tarigan (2005) hypothesizes that the level of alignment of HR strategy and business strategy will obviously have a direct impact on organizational outcomes. Companies, especially those operating in the manufacturing sector, are consistently faced with a myriad of challenges, including overcapacity, low profit margins and intense competition (Nickerson Silverman, 2003). Khatri et al (n.d.) notes that to effectively compete in the face of such and many other challenges, organizations need to be more attuned to their employee relationships and discover options of creating employee satisfaction, motivation and loyalty. One of the ways that this can be achieved, according to Kennedy (2004), is by aligning management strategies and priorities to employee needs, expectations, demands and value prepositions. However, Dubrovski (2009) counteracts that many managers, instead of striving to find a common ground that is essential to involve employees in critical decision making processes especially in issues concerning their own interests, continue to make management mistakes that cause further misalignment of organizational goals and objectives. The proposed study will therefore also aim to extend on the current knowledge of how such management mistakes can be prevented to enhance management-employee alignment and b oost performance. According to Macaleer Jones (2003), organization development professionals and theorists have for a long time â€Å"†¦maintained that improvement in business performance is directly tied to good human resource planning and closely linking this plan to strategic objectives† (p. 15). Failure to align the two, as observed by Tumwesigye (2010), only leads to employee turnover, which unfortunately bears direct and indirect costs such as recruitment and selection costs, lost productivity, reduction in morale among remaining staff, costs associated with training and orienting new members of staff, and work overload, among others. Rand (1999) add to the discussion by suggesting that most organizations fail to perform because management does not have an effective capacity to run and control the business, including aligning human resource strategies to the overall business strategy. The above assertions adds propensity for the need to undertake the proposed stud y so as to come with viable ways which can be ingeniously used to align management practices to the needs and expectations of employees from a human resource perspective. Justification for Selecting the Topic This particular study, more than anything else, will seek to offer tenable alternatives that companies operating in the steel production industry can use to align management practices with the needs, demands and expectations of their employees. In addition, Tarigan (2005) observes that few studies have ever focussed on strategy alignment and reinforcement in a manufacturing setting. In this perspective, the proposed study will go a long way to extend on the current knowledge, especially on how management mistakes can be prevented with an aim to not only enhance management-employee alignment, but to also boost productivity. The current competitive business environment demands organizations to do everything within their reach so as to remain profitable while maintaining a competi tive advantage (Thompson Heron, 2005). Facilitating management-employee alignment is certainly one of the choices that organizations have in ensuring that they remain competitive. The reasons stated above informed the justification to select this particular topic. List of References Anisomova, T (2010). Corporate Brand: The Company-Customer Misalignment and its Performance Implications. Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 17, Issue 7, pp 488-503. Christiansen, L.C., Higgs, M (2008). How the Alignment of Business Strategy and HR Strategy can Impact Performance: A Practical Insight for Managers. Journal of General Management, Vol. 33, Issue 4, pp 13-33. Dubrovski, D (2009). Management Mistakes as Causes of Corporate Crises: Managerial Implications for Countries for Countries in Transition. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp. 39-59. Hopkins, W.G (2000). Quantitative Research Design. Web. Kennedy, E (2004). Bridging the Gap between Company and Employees. Women in Business, Vol. 56, Issue 3, pp. 10-15. Khatri, N., Budwar, P., Fern, C.T (n.d.). Employee Turnover: Bad Attitude or Poor Management? Web. Lewis-Beck, M.S.., Bryman, A (2004). The Sage Encyclopedia of Social Sciences Research Methods, Volume 3. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Macaleer, B., Shannon, J (2003). Does HR Planning improve Business Performance? Industrial Management, Vol. 45, Issue 1, pp 15-29. Nickerson, J.A., Silverman, B.S (2003). Why Firms want to Organize Efficiently and what keeps them from doing so: Inappropriate Governance, Performance and Adaptation in a Deregulated Industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 48, Issue 3, pp 433-465. Patzer, G.L (1995). Using Secondary Data in Marketing Research: United Sates and Worldwide. Westport, CT: Quorum Books. Rand, T (1999). Why Businesses Fail: An Organizational Perspective. Emergence, Vol. 1, Issue 4, pp 97- 114. Schniederjans, M., Cao, Q (2009). Alignment of Operations Strategy, Informatio n Strategic Orientation, and Performance: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 47, Issue 10, pp. 2535-2563. Sekaran, U (2006). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach. Bombay: Wiley-India. Tarigan, R (2005). An Evaluation of the Relationship between Alignment of Strategic Priorities and Manufacturing Performance. International Journal of Management, Vol. 22, Issue 4, pp 586-597. Thompson, M., Heron, P (2005). Management Capability and High Performance Work Organization. International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 16, Issue 6, pp 1029-1048. Tumwesigye, G (2010). The relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Turnover Intentions in a Developing Country: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment. African Journal of Business Management, Vol. 4, Issue 6, pp 942-952. WorldSteel Association. (2008). Working in the Steel Industry. Web. This dissertation on Management-Employee Misalignment Performance Implications: An Empirical Study of the U.S. Steel Production Industry was written and submitted by user Kailyn Phillips to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

East Of Eden Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays

East Of Eden Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays East Of Eden Clinging together in the face of lonliness and alienation, George and Lennie desperately seek to escape their poverty, and strive to transform their chimerical dream into a reality. This heartfelt dream is what sets George and Lennie aside from the other men, yet ironically it is so easily shattered. Throughout the book Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, copious comparisons to animals are stated, signifying that their antagonistic way of life was not suitable for humans; This animal imagery helps elucidate the somewhat abstract ideals and character traits present in the text. Lennies demeanor is compared to many animals, Lennies death is compared to the death of Curlys dog, and even the end of Georges and Lennies dream is represented by a heron and the snake. To thoroughly describe Lennies bizarre disposition, Steinbeck compares him to a bear, horse, terrier, and a bull. Large and capable of violence, yet clueless and tender like a bear Lennie is totally unpredictable at times. Lennie is also similar to a bear in that his hands are huge like bear paws, and in the closing of the story he is said to Creep as silently as a bear would. Snorting into the water, Lennie reminds George of a horse. Similarly to how Lennie is compared to bear, he is said to be as strong as a bull; Lennie is also reluctant like a terrier who does not want to bring a ball to his master, but Lennie finally gives George his mouse. The brilliantly cryptic foreshadowing of Lennies death is told through the shooting of Candys dog. Candys dog is old and is not useful any more, so therefore the men in the bunk house want to dispose of him. Forcing the reluctant Candy to let them kill his dog was an arduous task, but the insistent nagging finally makes Candy capitulate his o ld dog to them. The dog is not only unsuspecting, but also helpless to the bullet that passes through the base of his skull killing him in an instant though without pain. Analogously Lennie is killed the same way, and even though George is reluctant, he knows that it is his obligation kill Lennie. Probably the most tragic point in the story is the realization that George and Lennies dream will not come true. A little snake slithering in the pool of water, totally unsuspecting his fate, is suddenly swallowed by a heron looking to satisfy his hunger. Curlys wife is searching to satisfy her hunger for someone to converse with, someone who will listen to her stories and to commiserate with her. She causes Lennie to break her neck, which ends Lennies life, and suddenly shatters his, Georges, Candys, and Crooks dream. These examples of animal imagery help illustrate John Steinbecks message, and define the present theme. The characters in the book posses many eclectic characteristics which make correspond to certain animals. This tragic story possesses a certain clandestine message, and it can be interpreted in many different ways. The one point that is most obviously stated is that being different is not easy, and that some people are not meant to exist on this Earth. Another conspicuous notion is that dreams should be guarded strongly, because as hastily as you conceived them they could be snatched from you without clemency. Bibliography The book Of mice and men.

How was the plot to kill president Garfield created and carried out Essay

How was the plot to kill president Garfield created and carried out Please use specific examples from book - Essay Example He had a very high means of opining about himself. He felt that he deserved to get a very powerful job in United States, and James Garfield was in the best position to offer him that job (Millard 2012). However, the president did not offer him his wish; so he plotted to assassinate him. Charles Guiteau was a republican like James Garfield and Ulysses Grant. Prior to the elections of 1880, James Garfield and Ulysses Grant were running for the presidency and James Garfield won the Republican nomination to face Democrat Winfield S. Hancock in the general elections. Guiteau had engaged in several ventures before joining politics. He then supported the Republican presidential candidate James Garfield after his favourite Stalwart candidate Ulysses Grant lost in the nomination. Stalwart was a Republican faction allied to the former president Ulysses Grant. The other faction was Half-Breeds led by President Garfield. The vice president Arthur who later took over as president after the assassination of President Grant was a Stalwart. Guiteau wrote a speech called Grant vs. Hancock which he later changed to Garfield vs. Hancock in support of Garfield (Millard 2012). He later said that his intention was to unite the two factions of the Republican Party; and one of the reasons why he murdered the president is because he thought it was the best way to resolve the divisions in the Republican Party which, according to him, were caused by President Garfield. With these political sacrifices he made, Charles Guiteau hoped that the Republican government would offer him a good job. He aimed at a diplomatic post in Vienna, and later asked for the same position in Paris. During the 1880 campaign he was all over the Republican headquarters in New York City seeking rewards for his efforts which he believed to have caused the narrow win of Garfield over Hancock. Later after the inauguration of Garfield in March 5, 1881, he went to the White House in Washington and

History of Western Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

History of Western Civilization - Essay Example The description of the building of Nazi power is one of the main contributions of the book, specifically by showing how the Germans were interested in the desire for change. This began specifically with the post World War I mentality, specifically which came from the Versailles Treaty. From this treaty, most in Germany believed that they were losing a sense of Germany and the political rights that were needed for the country. Being able to regain the ruins of World War I and the battles that were still occurring from the treaty that was not desired was the main political justification that was noted. When the Nazi Regime began to establish, it was justified as a way to keep the patriotism of the country alive and to create a better initiative to rebuild the country in a way that would benefit all that were in Germany at the time. When the political regime began to take over, the attacks were on the movement against the Communist regime. This ideal was one in which most Germans didnâ €™t believe in and which found to be a way to lose freedom and rights. The attacks made politically were ones which initially most Germans opposed, which allowed them to gain an understanding and insight into the politics, while giving support to the Nazi power. After the political regime continued to grow, those that were involved with the movement recognized that there were also attacks on socialism; however, like the Communist approach, most didn’t oppose these beliefs. When the Nazi party came into full effect, the Nazis that supported the opposition to the other political regimes were in a position where they had to politically support the dictatorship which had arisen. â€Å"When the Nazis attacked the Communists, he was a little uneasy, but, after all, he was not a Communist, and so he did nothing; and then they attacked the socialists, and he was a little uneasier, but still, he was not a socialist, and he did nothing; and then the schools, the press, the Jews, a nd so on, and he was always uneasier, but still he did nothing† (Mayer, pg. 169). These quotes show how the Nazi regime initially didn’t have the connection in beliefs, making those involved in politics to continue to support what was occurring as a better alternative. By the time the attacks moved into the war, it was too late for the Nazis to go against the political power. If this was done, then the movement against the patriotic movement would have led to the individual being attacked or dead. The establishment of the Nazi power not only had the agenda of building the political system. There were also promises and beliefs that were based on rebuilding the cultural and economic status of the country. The treaty and the loss of World War I had led to downfalls within the country as well as with global relations. The suffering that Germany was going through led them to believe that grabbing onto a new order and way of working within politics would lead Germany back to a better system. The economic status, through this new order, could help to strengthen Germany. More important, the order worked culturally, specifically because it built national pride and the ability to be a part of Germany. The cultural and economic affiliations combined to create a rebuilding of Germany and to ensure that there was a different way in which Germany could begin to recount for the current losses. As the regime began to grow, Nazis began to

Hydrogen Peroxide and iodine ions Essay Example for Free

Hydrogen Peroxide and iodine ions Essay The reason for the blue-black complex is due to the formation of polyiodide chains during the reaction between starch and iodine. The amylose in starch forms helices with which the iodine molecules align, causing a transfer of charge. This charge transfer corresponds to the absorption spectrum, in which the blue-black colour is the complementary colour. The details of this reaction are not fully known yet. The strength and deepness of the colour is dependent on the amount of amylose present. 3The rate of the reaction can be explained by the collision theory, which shows that the rate can be altered by4: concentrations, pressure, temperature, intensity of radiation, particle size, surface area and a catalyst. In this experiment I will be looking at concentrations, temperatures and the affect of a catalyst. The collision theory also states a reaction will only take place if threeconditions are met: 1. Reactant particles collide with each other The reactant particles must collide with the correct orientation. 3. The collision must provide enough energy to overcome the activation energy. 2This is due to the fact, if particles collide but are not orientated correctly the molecules will just bounce of each other, this is often due to charge of the molecules which causes repulsion if the orientation is incorrect. If particles collide with the correct orientation, they must collide with a minimum energy otherwise they will just bounce of each other. The activation energy is used to break some of the original bonds, which is essential for a reaction to occur. The activation energy is this minimum energy and can be shown on an energy profile. We can see from the below graphs how in an endothermic reaction the energy of the reactants is lower than the energy of the products, this is why it absorbs heat. Whereas an exothermic reaction will give out heat as the reactants have a higher energy than the products. 2The activation energy can be marked on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve. The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution refers directly to gases, however the principles can be taken and applied to liquid reactions also. 5The area underneath the curve represents the different particles and their level of energy. Only the particles that have energy higher than the activation energy will undergo a reaction. We can see that the kinetic energy of a molecule can never be zero, but theoretically can be ever increasing, as there is no defined maximum energy value. You can then change the shape of the curve or move the activation energy in order to increase the number of collisions that overcome the activation enthalpy. Changing certain variables can do this, which is what will be done in this experiment. 6 7 The first variable I will be varying is concentration of the different reactants; I will be using 5 different concentrations for each reactant. Increasing the concentration of a reactant means that there are a higher proportion of particles per unit volume. This then causes the rate of reaction to increase because particles have a higher chance of colliding  with sufficient kinetic energy to cause a reaction. 8By varying the concentration of each reactant it allows me to calculate the order of the reaction, by investigating their effects. By finding the order I can then calculate the rate constant and rate equation. As shown above the majority if the percentage errors are minimal, however we can see the largest error was that of the colourimeter which came to 7.14%. Unfortunately there is little that can be done to prevent this, as the reading is so small. I ensured the same colourimeter was used each time, to eliminate as much error as possible. In replacement of the thermometer, a digital thermometer could be used to gain a more accurate reading of the temperature, as the precision error for it is  ±0.05 °C. Other than this the equipment used was well chosen as it gave the smallest amount of error possible. The investigation was accurate as most of the percentage errors are very low and mostly insignificant. Other errors are likely to be that the room temperature varied between 19 and 23 degrees C, throughout the experiment on a day-to-day basis, a factor out of my control, therefore this would have affected the rate constant. To reduce this error and improve the experiment, each experiment could be done in a thermostatically controlled water bath. After looking at the published data of the activation enthalpy for a non catalysed, I can see my experiment is reliable as the value I got was only 5.794 KJ mol-1 off the actual activation enthalpy, however in order  to be able to fully justify my findings I would need to repeat each experiment numerous times, a minimum of three, to then allow me to calculate an average and to disregard any anomalous data. As each experiment was only conducted once, it could be that all the data is anomalous. By using two different methods at looking at how concentration affects the rate of reaction, my results are more reliable as both methods back each other up. To improve this aspect of the investigation I would use more and a wider variety of concentrations of each reactant, during the colourimetery, as only two concentrations of each were used. The main reason for this was the time allocated to this aspect of the investigation, as each run of colourimetery took around 25 minutes. To improve and investigate further into this experiment I would create a calibrate curve through the colourimeter by making up solutions of the coloured substance of known concentration, then measuring the absorbance of each, ensuring to use the same conditions as the experiment will be done as. The graph of absorbance against concentration will give your calibration curve. This would then allow me to see how much iodine was produced at each stage of the reaction. Allowing me to closely monitor the rate of reaction. A limitation of my experiment would be the catalysed experiment; due to the fact the reaction occurred so rapidly. The human reaction time is only accurate to 0.5 seconds, and in some cases the reaction took only 3 seconds, meaning the percentage error is 16.7%. To look into this particular catalyst further, I would dissolve the catalyst and dilute it to lower the concentration; this may give a longer time period before the blue-black complex forms. You would also be able to investigate if the concentration of catalyst changed the rate of reaction. Another potential way to improve this would be to investigate how different catalysts may affect the reaction and to what extent do they lower the activation enthalpy. A catalyst that could be tried would be ammonium iron sulphate, using the iron (III) ions to catalyse the reaction. Another limitation of the experiment that would have reduced the accuracy would be the fact the blue-black complex forms gradually, therefore it subject able as to when to stop the stopwatch. In order to reduce this error a black cross was marked and the experiment was stopped once the black cross could no loner be seen. However whilst conducting the temperature experiments the reaction was done in test tubes and no cross could be used, to minimise the error the stop clock was stopped immediately at the first sign of the blue-black complex. The final main limitation would be that the conical flask was swirled in order to mix the two solutions. Although best efforts were made to ensure the solutions were swirled evenly in each experiment, it is difficult to control. An improvement would be to use a magnetic stirrer, set at the same speed to ensure the same kinetic energy throughout the solutions, ensuring this did not affect the reaction. As found in the Nuffield Book of Data, I can see that the order of the reaction with respect to H+ ions is dependent on the concentration. To further my investigation it would be interesting to look further into how the concentration of sulphuric acid may cause the order to be either 1 or 0 with respect to the H+ ions. I could then look at the point at which it changed from being zero order to first order. It would then be interesting to see how this affected the activation enthalpy of the experiment. I can conclude my results are accurate and reliable, due to the fact the equipment was chosen with low precision errors and any errors given were too small to have a large impact. This can be backed up by the published data found in the Nuffield Book of Data.

Rate of Reaction - Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid :: Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Rate of Reaction - Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid Aim Investigation, to find out how the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid is affected by changing the concentration. Introduction I must produce a piece of coursework investigating the rate of reaction, and the effect different changes have on them. The rate of reaction is the rate of loss of a reactant or the rate of development of a product during a chemical reaction. It is measured by dividing 1 by the time taken for the reaction to take place. There is five factors which affect the rate of a reaction, according to the collision theory of reacting particles: temperature, concentration (of solution), pressure (in gases), surface area (of solid reactants), and catalysts. I have chosen to investigate the effect of concentration on the rate reaction. This is because it is the most practical to investigate. Dealing with temperatures is a difficult task especially when we have to keep constant high temperatures. Secondly the rate equation and the constant k changes when the temperature of the reaction changes. We have no gases and solids involved therefore it is easy to deal with solutions. Similarly the use of a catalyst complicates things, and if used incorrectly could alter the outcome of the experiment. The theory behind this experiment is that 'Increasing the concentration can increase the rate of the reaction by increasing the rate of molecular collisions.' GRAPH I will place the reaction mixture on a paper with a black cross-drawn on it. When the cross is completely obscured, the reaction will have finished. The time taken for this to happen is the measure of the rate of reaction. We must do this several times, and change the concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate. The rate of reaction is a measure of the change, which happens during a reaction in a single unit of time. The things that affect the rate of reaction are as follows:  · Surface area of the reactants  · Concentration of the reactants  · The temperature at which the reaction is carried out  · Use of a catalyst Reaction equation is mentioned above but rate equation could only be decided by doing experiments. So the following procedure can be used to carry out the experiment. Plan Equipment  · 2 Measuring cylinders  · Beaker  · Stopwatch  · Paper with black cross on it  · Sodium Thiosulphate (different concentrations)  · Hydrochloric acid (same concentration each time)  · Water (different concentrations)  · Pipette Prediction I predict that the greater the concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate

Each Man Kills the Thing He Loves Essay

â€Å"It seems to me that we all look at Nature too much, and live with her too little† This quote provides a philosophical insight into the main theme I will explore within my chosen poems. Nature is defined as the phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to humans or human creations. However this simply states that nature and humans are opposites, and one opposes the other. The poems I have chosen question this definition of nature and put it to humankind to answer the question, are we one with nature, or merely manipulating it to our own advantage, giving little back to our heritage? Oscar Wilde’s ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’ explores our own humanity and how easily two conflicting emotions become each other; whilst Charlotte Mew’s ‘The Trees Are Down’ examines human ignorance and through use of language she unravels the ever changing connections with nature. However it is Lawrence’s ‘The Snake’ that uses strong imagery to portray humankind in all its shapes and forms, forever changing. These three poems utilize a series of techniques that bring forth a common phrase we are what we hate, kill and love, which ultimately contributes to a universal relevance, the main idea I will be focusing on, ‘each man kills the thing he loves’. Oscar Wilde is considered a gifted author, playwright and poet of the nineteenth century. He was intimately involved in the up rise of aestheticism, a philosophy of nature and expression of beauty; Wilde expanded the narrow-mindedness of the Victorian Era, ultimately bringing a new light to society. ‘The Picture of Dorian Gray’, a semi autobiography, is considered the most seminal and serious of all Wilde’s works. However it is after being accused of homosexual offences, by his lover’s father, and further incarcerated at Reading Gaol that Wilde’s writing took a more melancholic approach. After serving his two years of hard labour, Wilde then moved to France, and was in ‘penniless exile’ It was in his last remaining years that Wilde produced two extremely heart felt pieces of work; De Profundis, a Latin term for ‘from the depths’, was an epistle addressed to his lover, Lord Alfred Douglas, and recounted his lifestyle of extravagance and love, within the first half. In the second part the text looks into his recent experiences, during his time at Reading Gaol, as he comes to terms with his spirituality. The other, ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’, a six ‘cantos’ poem, further subdivided into six lined stanzas, describes his experiences of loneliness and death, whilst incarcerated at Reading Gaol. The initial scene of the ballad, ‘He walked amongst the Trial Men, In a suit of shabby grey’, was inspired by the hanging of Charles Thomas Wooldridge, on Saturday 7th July 1896, a thirty year-old man convicted of cutting the throat of his wife. Charlotte Mew was an understated poet, whose works were less recognised, in comparison to Wilde, however she was highly praised by the likes of Siegfried Sassoon and Virginia Woolf. Mew lived a traumatic life, from beginning to end; facing close family deaths and two of her siblings being diagnosed with mental illness. These early experiences affected her future and had major influences on her; beginning with her and her sister Anne making a pact never to marry, in fear of passing on her family’s madness. Additionally Mew had similar sexual orientations as Wilde, attracted to ones own sex, however due to the condemnation of homosexuality, in the nineteenth century, Mew was left with a strong sense of suppression. Her life was extremely stifled by such experiences of death, loneliness and disillusionment and hence reflects these themes within her work. ‘The Trees are Down’ is a six stanza poem, that follows no structured form, merely ranging from one to nine lines, each stanza. The poem is based around the Revelation reference, at the beginning of poem: ‘-and he cries with a loud voice: hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees† and relates this to our society, past, present and future. David Herbert Lawrence, D. H.  Lawrence, was an extremely successful writer and artist. Publishing many plays, novels and volumes of poetry. He lived a very modest life, born in the small mining township of Eastwood, England, in 1885. Lawrence was an outcast, with few friends at school, who didn’t follow in his father’s footsteps of becoming a miner. So Lawrence went on to study, gaining a scholarship at Nottingham High School and then becoming an elementary teacher. However it was after falling in love with his old professor, Earnest Weekely’s, wife, Frieda von Richthofen, that his life was altered. Breaking off his engagement and ending his teaching career, Lawrence developed his writing into a career. ‘Sons and Lovers’ is a semi-autobiographical account of Lawrence’s experiences as a boy, under the name of Paul Morel, who loved his mother and full of hatred for his father. Lawrence wrote this novel after the death of his mother, in 1910, and explores the love of a mother â€Å"As her sons grow up she selects them as lovers–first the eldest, then the second. These sons are urged into life by their reciprocal love of their mother–urged on and on. † All three poets lived extremely different lifestyles, however the common thread between them is the literary period they lived in, the nineteenth century. Wilde’s work, pre-incarceration, was considered extremely lush and light, however post-incarceration it grew sad and he adapted Dark Romanticism into his works. Mew explored Naturalism where the environment controls people, especially in ‘The Trees are Down’, which is similar to the works of Lawrence who combines naturalism with Pre-Raphaelitism, combining literacy with the visual arts, which is seen through his strong imagery. Comparing these three literary movements helps shape each poem, providing a purpose behind the theme of each text. The intent of these poems differ slightly from one another, however all three have embedded the allegory of killing our intimates within their texts. Wilde takes his own personal experiences of loss, and additionally the example of Wooldridge’s own act, to reveal how within love echoes hate and vice versa. Mew, who’s poem seems completely ahead of her time, exposes the ignorance of the human race. This exposure of human’s prejudice towards nature is again echoed within Lawrence’s poem through the line ‘my education said†¦ he must be killed’. The common purpose within these texts is the exposure of human’s ignorance and how inevitable it is. Lord Alfred Douglas’s father took Wilde to court for alleged homosexuality and this life altering moment in Wilde’s life is easily identified within the poem ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’. However Wilde carefully entwines Wooldridge’s own attempt of ‘killing the thing he loved’ within his own story to expose the wider occurrence of this tragedy. It is questioned whether or not Wilde came up with this statement or whether it is a nod to Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice when Bassanio asks ‘Do all men kill the things they do not love? ’ Wilde is well known for his stimulating epigrams, yet this phrase seems to generate a metaphor for life and although not a question, like in Merchant of Venice, Wilde questions the similarities of love and hatred. When searching the word ‘love’ up on Thesaurus. com it provides a list of antonyms, including ‘hatred’, and vice-versa and yet here we see Wilde placing the two, opposing verbs, hand in hand. Wilde’s underlying purpose within ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’ is not to recount his experiences at Reading, but what Wilde is really looking for is the mode of interaction in which love and hatred are one and indivisible, in which the bitterness is an expression of the admiration. Written in the nineteenth century Mew’s poem, ‘The Trees are Down’, was completely ahead of its time and in today’s society is seen as an empowering demonstration of humanity’s destructive ignorance. Using the line from the revelation Mew makes deep connections with the past and by examining her present looks into the future of what is to come, what is now extremely relevant. The purpose of this is to reveal society’s destructive nature and speak out against the destruction of our heritage as ‘half my life it has beat with’. Lawrence examines prejudices of the human race towards animals, within the poem, ‘The Snake’, and how we accept the words fed to us in an alleged ‘education’. However the irony of it all is that we are one with the Snake and this is what Lawrence was trying to achieve. Describing the snake drinking from trough as if ‘he’ is a person, the same as the narrator, then ‘he’ looks up ‘just like cattle do’. Lawrence’s connections across the animal kingdom; man, snake and cattle alike, break down the barriers of humans vs. animals, generating a scene of equality. However it is once the narrator’s ‘voice of†¦ education’ convinces him otherwise, his face becomes humanity; fearful and paranoid. Each text focuses on humanity and from here branches off the love-hate, ignorance and prejudices of the human race. Wilde highlights the correlations between love and hatred we express towards one another, Mew exemplifies humanity losing touch with their heritage, whilst Lawrence’s reveals the irony within humankind’s prejudices. In all three cases the writer is attempting to exemplify how two effects, wildly different, grow closer together, reciprocating off one another, or how two objects, scientifically/emotionally tied together can push one another away.

Agile Solutions Improving Financial Integrity Essay

Agile Solutions: Improving Financial Integrity In many large corporations managing waterfall projects, the first hurdle is typically passing a capital rationing process. This often amounts to project justification through a business case, comparison of ROI, or other such metrics, against those of other projects competing for the same capital allocations. The process usually culminates with allocation of funds to complete the chosen strategic projects. There are many shortcomings of this method and the unacknowledged compromises made during this process are many. In order to get an initial budgetary allocation, rough estimates must be made as to the cost and timeline of the project - quite often without gathering complete (or any) requirements for the project. While this may be useful for making rough comparisons with other projects competing for funds, it isn t historically as accurate as it should be. Accordingly, with the requirements neither clearly nor accurately defined at this stage, these estimates are highly prone to error. After the project is funded, earnest requirements gathering and assessment begins, and project manager(s) begin to determine the best path to finish the project in the promised time frame without going over budget. 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